Chapter 1 Overview of Research 1
1.1 Concepts of shield tunnel engineering 1
1. 2 Types of shield machines 3
1.3 Development history of shield machine and tunnelling method 6
1.4 Development trend of shield tunnelling method 14
1.5 Book organization 19
References 20
Exercises 21
Chapter 2 Geological Survey and Alignment Design for a Shield Tunnel Project 22
2.1 Purposes of geological survey 22
2.2 Geological survey contents and methods 23
2.3 Evaluation of engineering geological conditions 39
2.4 Cross-section and alignment design of shield tunnels 44
2.5 Case study of a supplementary survey 53
References 62
Exercises 62
Chapter 3 Shield Machine Configurations and Working Principles63
3.1 Composition of the two main types of shield machines 63
3.2 Concepts and functions of shield machine components 65
3.3 Working principles of main shield machines 86
3.4 Special shield machines 88
References 92
Exercises 93
Chapter 4 Shield Machine Selection94
4.1 Selection principles and methods of shield machines 94
4.2 Selection of shield machine types 99
4.3 Selections of shield machine configurations 105
4.4 New technologies in the configuration of shield cutters 120
4.5 Examples of shield machine selection in common strata124
References 139
Exercises 140
Chapter 5 Structure Type and Design of Shield Tunnel Lining141
5.1 Types and materials of shield tunnel lining 141
5.2 Segment types and features 149
5.3 Segments assembly and waterproofing 155
5.4 Load calculation for shield tunnel 167
5.5 Internal force calculation of segment lining 178
5.6 Reinforcement and structure design of segments 202
5.7 Connection tunnel design 209
5.8 Seismic design of shield tunnel 212
References 215
Exercises 216
Chapter 6 Launching and Receiving of Shield Machines 217
6.1 Working shafts and ground improvement for shield machine tunneling 218
6.2 Configurations and technical controls for shield machine launching 241
6.3 Configurations and technical controls for shield machine receiving 249
6.4 Shield machine launching and receiving under special conditions 251
References 256
Exercises 257
Chapter 7 Shield Tunnelling and Segment Assembling 258
7.1 EPB shield tunnelling technology 258
7.2 Slurry shield tunnelling technology 269
7.3 Segment transport and assembling 273
7.4 Technologies for opening excavation chamber and replacing cutters282
7.5 Connection tunnels between two main tunnels 286
7.6 Monitoring 288
7.7 Construction techniques and case studies for shield tunnelling in special conditions
295
References 320
Exercises 320
Chapter 8 Backfill Grouting for Shield Tunnelling322
8.1 Introduction 322
8.2 Backfill grouting materials and performance demands 325
8.3 Common equipments for backfill grouting 332
8.4 Backfill grouting construction and control for shield 339
8.5 Backfill grouting process optimization technology and cases 345
References 349
Exercises 350
Chapter 9 Muck Conditioning for EPB Shield Tunnelling and Muck Recycling351
9.1 Reasons for muck conditioning 351
9.2 Properties of the shield muck 354
9.3 Types and technical parameters of soil-conditioning agents 357
9.4 Soil conditioning systems 364
9.5 Index properties and its determination method of conditioned soil 367
9.6 Numerical simulation of shield tunnelling under soil conditioning 380
9.7 Case study of muck conditioning for shield tunnelling 382
9.8 Recycling of shield muck as resources 389
9.9 Technical issues of muck conditioning 394
References 396
Exercises 399
Chapter 10 Slurry Treatment for Shield Tunnelling and Waste Slurry Recycling 400
10.1 General 400
10.2 Shield slurry 401
10.3 Slurry treatment site layout and equipments 408
10.4 Case study on shield slurry treatment 415
10.5 Recycling of waste slurry and case studies 421
References 424
Exercises 425
Chapter 11 Ground Deformation and Its Effects on the Environment 426
11.1 Shield tunnelling induced ground deformation 426
11.2 Ground loss in shield tunnel construction 428
11.3 Prediction of ground deformation 436
11.4 Assessment of the effects of shield tunnelling on existing buildings 455
11.5 Common methods for ground deformation control 464
References 470
Exercises 472
Chapter 12 Defects of Shield Tunnel Lining and Their Treatments 473
12.1 Common defect causes and control measures 473
12.2 Investigation of defects in the shield tunnel segments 484
12.3 Safety evaluation of the shield tunnel structure 488
12.4 Defect treatment in the shield tunnel lining 493
References 497
Exercises 498
