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In the field of applied clasticity,one of the most perplexing problems is the prediction ofthe buckling load,or rather the failing load of a thin-walled structure with either simple ordouble curvature.Everyone who has contact with this subj ect wi l l notice the gap betweentheory and experimental results.The dmigner,however,has to proceed with his work regardless ofwhether or not the theory of elasticity can give him the correction solution of his problem.Hence,in this case he has tO resort to empirical relations determined by experimental methods.But such an empirical approach tO a complex subj ect without solid physical basis has its definitelimitations.Therefore,a correct picture of the interactions of the different factors which determinethe failing load and the mechanism of the failing process will be always useful to the designer. In this paper the authors do not present a new theory,but certain considerations whichthey believe bring out the crucial point of the subject.In Section I,a comparison is madebetween the buckling of one dimensional and tWO dimensional structures with and withoutcurvature.Section II contains a critical examination of the discrepancies between the classicalbuckling theory of cylindrical shells and the experimental evidence together with a descriptionof various investigations which have been made to reveal the true character of the mechanism offailure.In SectionⅢ,the buckling phenomena observed in the laboratory for differcntstructures are discussed from the point of view developed in the previous sections.