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When they presented this new opera for Emperor Qianlong, he personally applauded them. Whenever the emperor showed his delight in anything, his court and the people of the entire city followed suit. Soon, the new opera gained populariW throughout the country.
Because it had begun in the capital, the new art form was called Jing Ju("capital opera"). Even after the overthrow of the Qing Dynasty by the new Kuomintang, or Nationalist Party, leadership in 1911, Peking Opera continued to enjoy the patronage of the government.
After the capital was relocated from Peking to Nanking in 1927, the opera's popularity became even more widespread, and it received the designation of GuoJu ("national opera"). The Nationalists also declared the dialect of Peking to be guo yu, or the national standard language.
Following the establishment of the People's Republic of China in 1949, GuoJu was changed back to Jing Ju. However, when the devastating Cultural Revolution broke out in 1964, all forms of opera were labeled "reactionary" and subsequently forbidden. For ten years, Peking Opera suffered a setback until the upheaval was finally quashed in 1976, when Peking Opera returned to the stage. Its popularity returned slowly, and it has yet to regain its former glory.