Introduction The Grand Historical Perspective: What Makes China, China?
1.1 What Is "Zhongguo"? What Is “Zhonghua”?
1.1.1 What Is "Zhongguo"?
1.1.2 What Is "Zhonghua”?
1.2 Overview of Chinese Culture
1.2.1 Chinese Culture
1.2.2 The Chinese Nation
1.2.3 The Chinese Nation as One Community
1.3 Chinese Culture from a Grand Historical Perspective
Chapter 1 The Origin of Chinese Culture
1.1 Geography
1.1.1 Features of Chinese Geography
1.1.2 Geography and Chinese Culture
1.2 Economy
1.2.1 Two Economic Forms in Ancient China: Farming Economy and Nomadic Economy
1.2.2 Incomplete Natural Economy and Capitalist Economy: The Economic Forms of Modern Society
1.2.3 Transition from the New Democratic Economy to Socialist Economy: Modern Forms of Social Economy
1.3 Political Structure
1.3.1 Traditional Political Structure: Patriarchal Clan System and Centralized System
1.3.2 Modern Political Structure: A Republic
1.3.3 Contemporary Political Structure: The People's Congresses
1.4 Cultural Integration among All Ethnic Groups
1.4.1 The Integration between the Farming Culture of the Central Plains and the Nomadic Culture of Northern China
1.4.2 The Integration between the Farming Culture of the Central Plains and the Shifting Cultivation Culture of the High-Mountain Areas in Southem China
1.4.3 Cultural Contributions of Ethnic Minorities to Chinese Culture
1.4.4 Historical Experience of Interactions, Exchanges and Integration amongAll Ethnic Groups
1.5 The Unifled Multi-Ethnic Chinese Nation
1.5.1 Colorful Regional Cultures
1.5.2 ADiverse yet Unified Chinese Civilization
Chapter 2 Ancient Chinese Philosophy
2.1 Confucianism
2.1.1 Confucius
2.1.2 Mencius
2.1.3 Xunzi
2.1.4 Zhu Xi
2.1.5 Wang Yangming
2.2 Daoism
2.2.1 Laozi
2.2.2 Zhuangzi
2.3 Buddhism
2.3.1 Central Ideas of Chinese Buddhism
2.3.2 Chinese Buddhism in the Contemporary World
Chapter 3 The Spirit of Chinese Culture
3.1 The Great Unity Ideal
3.1.1 The Strong Centralized Political System
3.1.2 Cultural Identity as the Basis of the Chinese Nation as One Community
3.1.3 A Global View of Harmonious Coexistence
3.2 Paramount Importance of Peace and the Doctrine of the Mean
3.2.1 He (Harmony)
3.2.2 Zhongyong (the Doctrine of the Mean)
3.3 People First
3.3.1 People as the Foundation of a State
3.3.2 Benevolent Rule and Edification
3.4 Strive for Self-Perfection
3.4.1 Striving Unceasingly
3.4.2 Innovation Mindset
3.4.3 Righteousness and Patriotism
3.5 Great Virtue and Great Responsibilities
3.5.1 Gentleness and Universal Love
3.5.2 Openness and Inclusiveness
Chapter 4 The Achievements of Chinese Culture
4.1 Languages
4.1.1 The Origins of Chinese Language and Characters
4.1.2 The Rich Cultural Connotations of the Chinese Language and Characters
4.2 Chinese Traditional Historiography
4.2.1 The Great Achievements of Chinese Traditional Historiography
4.2.2 Fine Traditions of Chinese Traditional Historiography
4.3 Masterpieces of Chinese Literature
4.3.1 The Glorious Achievements of Chinese Literature
4.3.2 The Value of Chinese Literature
4.4 Exquisite Art
4.4.1 Brilliant Traditional Chinese Art
4.4.2 Characteristics of Chinese Art
4.5 Science and Technology
4.5.1 The Great Achievements of Chinese Science and Technology
4.5.2 China's Four Great Inventions
4.5.3 The Characteristics of Ancient Chinese Science and Technology
Chapter 5 Interaction and Mutual Learning among Chinese andForeign Cultures
5.1 The Integration of Chinese and Foreign Cultures
5.1.1 The First Great Convergence of Chinese and Foreign Cultures
5.1.2 The Second Great Integration of Chinese and Foreign Cultures
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