Table of Contents

Preface
Ⅰ
Ⅱ
Ⅲ
Epidemiology and Screening of Colorectal Cancer
Epidenuology and burden of colorectal cancer in Asia—Pacific region： what shall we do now？
Imnroved colorectal cancer screening： a new option and opportunity
Colorectal cancer screerung： are stool and blood based tests good enough？
Is the ability of stool DNA test enough for practical use in colorectal cancer screening？
Leptin as a risk factor for the development of colorectal cancer
Risk of colorectal cancer after detection and removal of adenomas at colonoscopy
Acromegaly and colorectal cancer
Evolution of imaging in rectal cancer： multimodality imaging with MDCT， MRI， and PET
Path Oqenesis and Molecular Biology of Colorectal Cancer
The bacteria—hypothesis of colorectal cancer： pathogenetic and therapeutic implications
The evolution of colorectal cancer genetics—Part 1： from discovery to practice
The evolution of colorectal cancer genetics—Part 2： clinical implications and applications
Genomic approach to translational studies in colorectal cancer
Extended RAS testing in metastatic colorectal cancer—Refining the predictive molecular biomarkers
Treatment of Colorectal Cancer
Current surgical considerations for colorectal cancer
Local excision for early rectal cancer： transanal endoscopic microsurgery and beyond
A critical review of the role oflocal excision in the treatment of early （T1 and T2） rectal tumors
Complete mesocolic excision with central vascular ligation： is this the approach to improve colon cancer surgery oncological outcomes？
Complete mesocolic excision （CME） with central vessel ligation （CVL）： a new standard in colon cancer surgery
Is lymph node metastasis the only concern in high—risk submucosal colorectal cancer following endoscopic resection？
The emerging role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy for rectal cancer
Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapic perfusion in colorectal cancer
Preoperative chemotherapy for locally advanced resectable colon cancer—a new treatment paradigm in colon cancer？
Novel radiation techniques for rectal cancer
Evidence behind use of orthovolt intraoperative radiotherapy and other techniques of IORT in recurrent colorectal cancer treatment
Aspirin for colorectal cancer with PIK3CA mutations： the rising of the oldest targeted therapy？
Oral tyrosine kinase inhibitors targeting VEGF—receptors in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer
Targeted therapies in colorectal cancer： surgical considerations
Update on antiangiogeruc therapy in colorectal cancer： aflibercept and regorafenib
Impact of the immune system and immunotherapy in colorectal cancer
Review of systemic therapies for locally advanced and metastatic rectal cancer
Therapeutic approaches in the management oflocally advanced rectal cancer
Multidisciplinary approach and targeted agents increase resectability of liver—limited metastases from colorectal cancer
Predicting complete response： is there a role for non—operative management of rectal cancer？
Stage Ⅱ colon cancer
TNF—α in obesity—associated colon cancer
Treatment of Postoperative Recurrence and Metastasis of Colorectal Cancer
Management of oligometastatic rectal cancer： is liver first？
Liver—directed therapies in metastatic colorectal cancer
Non—operative therapies for colorectalliver metastases
Regional hepatic therapies： an important component in the management of colorectal cancer liver metastases
Surgical treatment of colorectalliver metastases
Intraoperative margin re—resection for colorectal cancer liver metastases
Potential use of Doppler perfusion index in detection of occult liver metastases from colorectal cancer
Nursing and psychological problems of colorectal cancer
Addressing sexual dysfunction in colorectal cancer survivorship care
Diet and supplements and their impact on colorectal cancer
Psychosocial issues in colorectal cancer survivorship： the top ten questions patients may not be asking

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A larger prospective， randomized， multicenter trial by the Clinical Outcomes of Surgical Therapy （COST） Study Group showed similar long—term results.Between 1994 and 2001， 872 patients （435 patients in the laparoscopic arm） were randomized.The median follow—up time was 52 months and the primary endpoint was time to tumor recurrence.Analysis at three years demonstrated similar recurrence rates in the laparoscopic and open groups， 16% and 18%， respectively.Additionally， there was no difference in overall survival （86% in the laparoscopic group vs.85% in the open group）.The authors have also recently published 5—year data from this original cohort demonstrating that overall and disease—free survival were
similar between the two treatment groups.Additionally， overall recurrence rates remain similar （19.4% laparoscopic group； 21.8% open group） （7，9）.These survival data have been confirmed in the slightly larger European multicenter Colon cancer Laparoscopic or Open Resection （COLOR） trial that was designed to evaluate disease—free survival and overall survival 3 years after laparoscopic or open resection for colon cancer.For all stages， the 3—year overall and disease—free survival rates were not significantly different between groups.Local and distant recurrence rates were also similar （8）.It should be noted that lymph node harvest is also similar between open and laparoscopic groups.The main criticisms of these trials center on the probability of selection bias when offering a laparoscopic approach to
those with cancer.
In fact， those with smaller tumors （amenable to smaller incisions） and those with tumors that involve only the colon （T3 and below） are most likely still the best candidates for laparoscopy